Neal Stephenson’s Anathem is not like most books that you come across on the bestseller list. (I’m pre-supposing that this novel will perform as well as Stephenson’s recent books.) It has a glossary of book-specific words. It contains detailed discussions of philosophy, abstract physics, and religion. It includes three appendices of detailed mathematical concepts (with figures). It comes with a CD of specially commissioned monastic chant music. It’s 960 pages long. I couldn’t put it down.

Anathem is tough to summarize, but I’ll give it a go. The novel takes place on a planet (Arbe) that is similar to, but different from, our own. Groups of men and women (The Avout) live in geographically (and philosophically) diverse cloisters known as concents. The avout live a monastic (”mathic” in the parlance of the book) lifestyle dedicated to keeping ancient knowledge alive and protected from the outside world (”extramuros” - which is a new favorite word). The avout are not religious, however, and are generally suspicious of the religions of the extramuros crowd.
At the center of the concent of our protagonist, Erasmus, is an elaborate mechanical clock that marks not just the hours of the day, but the years, decades, and the millenia that mark the frequency that various strata within the concent are allowed to have contact with the extramuros (and with each other). Things get exciting for the avout and the extramuros world when avout astronomers observe strange phenomena in the night sky that leads to an unprecedented mixing within and outside of the walls of the world’s concents. To say more about the story would be a disservice to future readers, so mum’s the word.
Stephenson has plenty of room to explore weighty themes and ideas in Anathem. Among the Big Ideas in the novel: the imponderable march of time, technology as a source of good/evil, communication, community, isolation, any number of theories on the relationship between religion and science, reality, quantum mechanics, government, relativity, and our place on the continuum of existence. Stephenson has also mentioned in an interview that the mathic/extramuros dichotomy was a means for examining the differences between the literate and the aliterate, which he defines as those who can read but choose not to. That’s just one of many differences between the two groups. This is the kind of book that you are thinking about when you’re not busy reading it.
As weighty as the philosophical and scientific discussions can be between the avout, the novel is also a great deal of fun. Stephenson packs genuine adventure into the story from page 1. (The first line reads: “Do your neighbors burn one another alive?”) Given the length of the novel, I was near panic-stricken to realize that the novel would be a page turner. ”I’ll never sleep again!” (And I didn’t.)
Stephenson’s use of language to describe things in the similar world of Arbre is at turns deeply insightful and just plain funny at others. Most of the created language is a play on familiar words or are based upon combinations of words. A humorous example of Stephenson’s lexicon is his term to describe a frowned upon rhetorical device that is sometimes employed when the avout engage in their formal, Socratic-style dialog:
Bullshytt: Speech (typically but not necessarily commerical or polictal) that employs euphemism, convenient vagueness, numbing repetition, and other such rhetorical subterfuges to create the impression that something has been said.
There’s a timely definition.
The ideas of “story” and “narrative” as forces in our lives are featured prominently in the novel. Here’s Erasmus waxing philospical on how the extramuros people live their lives:
So I looked with fascination at those people in their mobes, and tried to fathom what it would be like. Thousands of years ago, the work that people did had been broken down into jobs that were the same every day, in organizations where people were interchangeable parts. All of the story had been bled out of their lives.
Anathem is a novel for people who want more story in their lives. It is a rollicking non-stop adventure loaded with humor and Big Ideas. I loved, LOVED, this novel. It is ridiculously good. You may want to check it out even if the mere mention of science fiction brings out your gas face.
Other opinions: Although I loved this book, it’s clearly not everyone’s cup of tea. Take Michael Dirda at The Washington Post, for example, who says that the novel is “ultimately grandiose, overwrought and pretty damn dull.” Boo! Salon has a more suitably enthusiastic review.
Also: Stephenson was inspired to write parts of the novel by a real organization call The Long Now Foundation that is commited to thinking about problems from the very long term perspective.